Heating system.



PATENTED 001 .23, 1906.

- A. e. PAUL.

v HEATING SYSTEM. APPLICATION FILED AUG.5. 1896;

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

WIITNESSES:

W MATTORNEYS PATENTED OCT. 23, 1906.

A. G.-PAUL.

HEATING SYSTEM.

Arpmouron FILED we. 5, 1896.

4 SHEETSSEEET 2.

BY ME /U WITNESSES:

w' o; ATTO NEY J4 m w:

A.G.PAUL.I

HEATING SYSTEM. APPLICATION FILED AUG.5, 1896.

PATEN TED OCT. 23, 1906.

4 sHEBTs -sHBnT a.

! w I, ii

WITNESSES: 4 I I INVENTOR A; ATTORNEYS WITNESSES:

PATENTED OCT. 23, 1906'.

A. G. PAUL.

HEATING SYSTEM. I AAAAAAAAA 0N FILED AUG. 5 1 8 9 6.

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' ill!|||||IIIIIIHIMIIIIIHIIIIIII M q mvENtoR Y .BY I M TTOR EY$ pipe and its connections, removes the a r UNITED sTAT Es ATENT owns. 1

ANDREW e. PAUL. or BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS."

' .FHIEAYTING SYSTEM.

To (ZZZ whom it may conrm v V I Beit known'that L'ANDREW G. P'auLja c'iti zen-of the United States, and a-resident of Boston, in the county of- Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful ,Im rovement in Heating Systems, of

which t e following is a full, clear, and exact specification, referenoe'being had to the accompanying drawings,- which 'form a part hereof.- This invention relates to heating systems in which a ipe or passage is provided for the escape of t e air from the heater or radiator or system and-an exhauster connected with this ipe or passage, and it'is es e'cially a glica 1e to a svstem such as that s own in t e rawings of United Statespatent to. Skifiinton, No. 464,946, of December 8, 1891,wherein the air-pipe is additional to the sup ly and return pipe or pipes It may be use either with a single-pipe or a double-pipe" system.

" lts object is to ant'omaticall and accurately -control'the amount of heat given off from the system, and thereby to I'6%;1lat' the temperature of the room or space t at is being heated,

- and to secure economy in the operation of thesystem. v x he invention 'co'nsists,-first, in the combination, witha radiator or heater, a su plypipe ,and a valve for controllingthe-ra iator or heater, of an air-pipe for removin air from the radlator or heater, avacuum-c am.-

ber connected with the'controllingevalve by,

whichthat valve can be operated, a pipe connecting the airpipe*-with the vacuum-'cham-i her, an exhauster connected with the airpipe, and suitable means for 'oipenin and -c1os ing the'air-pipe and for opening an closing the pi e connectingthe air-pipe with the vacuum-c amber, whereby the,controlling valve may be opened when; air is being .3 be operate 4 with the'vacuum-chamber; and an exhauster connected with-theair-pipe, the parts being so connected andarranged that the exvalve and the other necessa fy parts of a ing'system', of an air pipe o from the radiator orheater or system, a

drawn from the radiator or heater and may i be, closed when theair-outlet iselosed.

s The invention consists also in the comb1- nation with the supply-pipe andsupplyeat r removlng air vacuum-chamber connected with the valve on the supply-pipe by which that .valve can a*p1pe connecting the air pipe hauster, through and by means of the air- Specification of Letters Patent. r implication filed Aug-1st 5.. 1895s. Serial R0. 601,704.

' Patented 0ct. 23,' 1906,

from the radiator or heater or system and at whereby the sup ly-valve is opene is being drawn om theheater or radiator and closed when the air-outlet is closed.

shut off the connection with the vacuumchamber when the connection with the heater nectionwith the vacuum-cham er when the connection =.with "the radiator or heater is shut ofi, whereby the exhauster' operates to close the supply-valve when the air-outlet is closed and to open the supply-valve when the air-outlet is opened.-

to an ordinary radiatoror eater. Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the valve on the supplypipe. Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the valve my improvement in which thevalve on the to be a plied todifierent" arts of the radi ator. g. 5 is a horizonta sectional view'of the radiator-tube to which thejther'mostat is -tions"b.etween the thermostat and the valve ferred form of, the improvement.

Similar numbers indicate the several figures-..

Referring to Figs. 1-3,

- turn-pipe.' k pipe. 5 is the stemof the supply-valve. 6

or water. 8 is the air-pipeleading to the ra- Theinvention also consists inthe combination, with the parts ,or elements already named, of a valve on the air-pipe adapted-to The inventlon also consists in thecombinaereinafter air-pipe'is operated byathermostat adapted attached, showing a top view of' the COnnecsimilar parts {1s a sectionojf the air-pi e leadingto the eX- hauster' 7. Any sultab e form of exhauster {may be used. I'pre'fer to .use a jet-(of steam diatorl 9 is a connecting,-pipe connecting the air-pipe with. the vacuum-chamber 17" of the supply valve; 10 is a valve onthe airthe same time operates the. supply-valve, when air or radiator is opened .and to 0 en the'con Flgure 1 shows my improvementapplied on the air-pipe; this valve being shown as a hand-valve. Fig. 4 shows another form of 9g on the airz-pipe; Fig. 6 showsdetails of these connecting T parts. Fig. 7 shows another form of the invention; Fig. 8 shows the 'pre I l 'is anor dinaryra- 'l diator. "2 is the supply-pipe. 3 ,is the re' 1 4 isthe valve on the supplypipe at the junction of the pipes 6, 8, and 9.

.The construction of this valve is clearly shown in Fig. 3. 11 is the piston of the valve. It has two heads and a middle portion of smaller diameter. 12 is the stem or rod' of the piston. 13 is a hand-wheel by which the iston is moved. In the form shown the s ank to which the hand-wheel is fastened is provided with a thread, which takes in a thread on the stem 12; but the form of connection may be greatly varied. By turning the hand-wheel the piston 11 is moved back and forth. The piston is kept from revolving with the hand-Wheel by a pinand-slot connection between the stem 12 and thecasing of the valve or in any other suitable way. 14 is a ort connecting the pipe 8 so as'to admit steam to the radiator.

with the interior amber of'the valve. 15 is a port connecting the ipe 9 with the interior chamber of the va ve. 16 16 are two ports by means. of which the atmosphere can enter through the chamber of the valve into the pipe 9 and through that pipe into the vacuum-chamber 17. A When the piston 11 is in the position shown in Fig. 3, the pipe 6 and the exhauster are in communication through the port 14 with the pipe 8, and thereby with the radiator, so that any air in theradiator will be drawn out. The port 15 is closed. The ports 16 16 are open, sothat the atmospheric pressure will ,extend through the ipe 9 into the vacuum-chamber 17, Whic Will cause the supply to remain 0 en, en the piston 11 is moved to the right, the port 14 will be closed, thus closing the. air-outlet from the radiator, the port 15 will be-opened,

valve. stem of the supply-valve, and19 is a spring and the ports 16 16 will be closed, thus connecting the pipe 9 with the'pipe 6- and the exhauster andproducing a vacuum in the chamber 17, and thereby closing the supply- 18 is a piston connected with the tending to force this 'iston downand open the supply-valve. nected part-s form ,a fluid-pressure motor for actuating the valve on the supply-pipe. 2O

. is an ordinary thermostatic. valve on the air.-

pi e 8.

e operation of the system is as follows:

.The heating vehicle is turned on, the valve being in the position shown in Fig. 3. The

' supply-valve 4 will be open. The air-pipe 8 the temperature has risen sufficiently, the

being in communicationwith the pipe 6, air willbe drawn out from the radiator. When valve 10 is moved so as to shut off the pipe 8 irom the exhauster and connect the pipe 9 with the exhau'ster, the-air-outlet is closed,

and at the same time the steam inlet or suply valve is closed.v No more an can escape om the radiator and no more steam can enter. The steam in the radiator uickly con- (lenses, and the temperature of t e radiator falls.

-When more heat is desired, the valve -T e piston and its conrad iator,

10 is turned back again. Air is again with drawn and steam admitted. The radiator -is in this way easily and rapidly controlled .a ready described. The exhauster is not shown. The valve 10 is not shown in detail.

It is constructed as already ex 'lained. The valve 10 is operated by a t ermostat 21. This consists of a rod of metal or other suitable expansible material. It is supported in any suitable manner, as by the-frame 36, and insuch a way that it can be placed against any one of the radiator-tubes and held in such position by the clips 28. (See Fi 5.) At its lower end the rod 21 is permanent yattached to-the frame 36. At its upper end the rod 21 is connected to the lever'22, which is pivoted at one end to the frame 36 and is connected at its other end with the lever 24 by means of the pin 23. The lever 24 is pivoted between its ends to the frame 36 and at its other end is connected with the rod 25. The rod 25 is adapted to slide in the frame 36. At its lower end it is ivoted to the short arm 26 of a lever, the ong arm 27 of which is connected with the stem 12 of the valve 10. The frame or support 36 for the thermostat is made in two parts, which are hinged together at their upper ends in'any suitable manner. The lower end of the inclined portion is hinged in anysuitable way panding member andits connecting-levers and rods in whatever position they may be If eight work of heating, the expanding member 21 is fastened to the eighth tube m the manner shown in Fig. 5', the valve 10 being in the position shown in Fi 3. Steam is turned on and, the supply-Va ve being 0 en, enters the At the same time t e air is drawn to the radiator. This frame supports the exput and enables the expanding member to be clipped to any tube of the radlator. tubes of the radiator are sufiicient to do the out from the'radiator through pi es 8 and 6.

Wh'en the steam reaches the e1g th tube, it

heats that tube, and thereby expands the member 21. This raises the lever 22,.and thereby moves the lever 24 and forces the rod 25 down in the frame. This moves the lever'26 27 and the valve-stem 12 and moves the'piston 1'1 tothe other end of the valvechamber. This closes the air-pipe 8 and .closes the supply-valve in the manner already explained. N o more steam can enter the radiator and no more air can escape therethrough until the steam in the eighth tube has artly or wholly condensed and that tube as been cooled, so as to cause the member 21- to contract, and thereby move back the piston 1 1 and open the air-pipe and I the supply-valve. When this occurs, steam saaer again enters the radiator and: air is again drawn therefrom until the steam reaches and heats the eighth'tube, when the'air-pipe and supply-valve are again closed, as before.

flRe erring'to Fig. 7, the parts correspondingly numbered are the same as those already described. '29 is a'thermostat in the form of a thermometer filled with mercury and provided with two contact-points. It is adapt ed to be placed at any suitable point in theroom or space-to be heated. 30 1s; an electric circuit 31 is a battery. 32 is" anelectromagnet; 33. is an 'armature pivoted at the mlddle and attached at one endto the stem 12 of the valve 10. \34'isa'spring connected with the armature and tending to'draw. the

When the temperature of the room reaches the de-' same away frofnthe magnet.

sired point, the mercury expanding closes the circuit. The armature 33' moves the stem 12, andrthereby the piston, so as to con:- nect thepipe'fi and exhausterwith the pi e 9 and close'the pipe8,andthereby close-t e ingly num ered are; the same as 'those already: described. This is the preferredform- 1 of my invention. The thermostat 29. is

adapted to be applied to'an tube of the ravdlator and 1s supported by t "e arm 35, which lshmged 'at one'end to the thermostat'and at the other end to the radiator. The thermostat o erate's the valve through and bymeans o, an electriccircuit,'inagnet, and armature, as above setforth. By applyi'n' the thermostat to diiferenttubes or parts 0 the radiator the special features of operation are secured whichhave already been. explained through which a valve is operated by. changesin-connectionwith Fi .4.-

Tye for the. purposes of.

A thermostatic va this invention lsany agency or mechanism of temperature.

' ,By my lnventlon the operation of the s stem can be easily and accurately control ed and the temperature regulated with precision and uniformity of temperature secured.

v more an can escape and nomore steam can When. the temperature has risen to the desired orpredetermined point,.bloth the su ply-valve and the air-outlet are closed.j o

' renter until, when the temperature hasfallen,

\ 1 lated. By employmga threeew'ay valve to connect the exhauster with the air-dutlet and the suppl valve and air-pipe are again opened. y employing a thermostat adapt- 9 ed .to be applied toldifl erent partsof the radiator the amount of heating-surface called into action can be easily and positively reguthe supplyvalve' the supplyvalve 'and the" by Letters-Patent, is'-- air-outlet are always operated 'iifllhiSOIl' and madeto' c'oact' with each other; My inventlon secures the-"best .resultswithaminimum fex enditure' of heat-and fuelff desire to secure at I claim as newand 1; The combination substantial-1y as bea fore set forth with a radiator or heater, a sup ply-pipe and a: valve onthesupply-pi e, of

an air-pipe for removing air-from the ra iator' or heater, a vacuum-chambercontrollingthe valve on the su pl -'p'ipe, a-pipeconnectin the air-pipe wit e vacuum chamber, an

an-e'xhauster' connectediwith the air=pipe-, and means for opening and closing the air- :pipe', and for opening and-closing the pipe connecting" the air- 1pc .with"thevacuumw he be ply-valve mayibe" chamber whereby t openedwhen airis being rawn from the ra diator orheater and 2. The combination substantiallyas be .fore set forth witha. radiator or heater, a supclosed when the air-out ply-pipe. and a valve-on the supply-pi e,- of a an airpipe for removing air fromthe ra iator' or heater, a vacuum chamber" controlling the valve on the'suppl -pipe, a pipe connecting the air-pipe with t e vacuum-chamber, an an exhauster connected with the -'air'-pipe,

and a valvepn'the air-pipe adapted to'shut off the connection with the vacuum-chamber when the connection'with the radiator or heater is opened, and to. open the connection with the vacuum-chamber Whenthe connee-v tion with the radiator or heater is shut off. 3. The combination, substantially asv beroo fore set-forth, with a radiator or heater, a

supply-pipe, and a valve on thesup ly-pi e,

of a vacuum-chamber controlling 't eva ve on the supplyrpipe; janair-pi" e8 for'remov connecting the air-pipe with the vacuum- .chamber, .anfexhauster connectedwith the pipes 8 and'9, by the pipefi, and a valvelO provided with the piston 11 and the orts 14, 15 and 16, and means for operating t e valve.

4. The combination,substantially as before set forthfwith a radiator or heater, a supply-pipe, andfla valve on the supply-pipe,

e va ve of a vacuum-chamber controllingt on the supply-pipe; an air-pi e 8 .for remov-, ing air from the radiator or eater, a p1pe 9 connecting the air-pipe with the vacuumchamber, a piston 18 connected with the stem of the suppl valve, a spring19,'an ex-v hauster 'connecte withthe pipes 8 and 9, by 'the'pipe 6,1and a valve 10 provided with the piston l'land the'ports 14, 15 and 16, and

means foroperating the valve.

5, "Thegcombinationlwi h a radiator "or heater; a supply-pipe, and a valve. for controlling the radiator or heater, of an air-pipe for removin air from the radiator or heater, 1 a vacuum-c amber for operatm the con-1 trolling-valve, a pipe c'onnectingt e air-pipe 105 ing airfromthe radiator or eatery-a pipe9 with the vacuum-chamber, an exhauster connected with the air-pipe, and means for opening and closing the air-pipe, and for opening and closing the pipe connecting the air-pipe with the vacuum-chamber, whereby the controlling-valve may be opened when airis withdrawn from the radiator or heater and closed when the air-outlet is closed.

6. The combination with a radiator or heater, a supply-pipe, and a valve for controlling the radiator or heater, of an air-pipe for removin air from the radiator or heater, a vacuum-c amber for operating the contro1ling-valve, a pipe connecting the airpipe with the vacuum-chamber, an exhauster connected with the air-pipe, and a valve on the air-pipe adapted to shut ofi the connection with the vacuum-chamber when the connection with the radiator or heater is opened, and to open the connection with the vacuumchamber, when the. connection with the radiator or heater is shut ofl.

7. In combination With a radiator, a supply-pipe for delivering the heating medium thereto, a valve for regulatin the delivery of the heating medium, a vflui -pressure motor for actuating said valve, a pipe c'ommunicating with the fluid-pressure motor and with the radiator, an exhausting device communicating with said pipe, a valve provided with piston 11, and the ports 14, and 16 whereby a vent is provided for said pipe between the motor and the exhauster, and a thermostat adapted to operate the said valve, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

8.. In combination with a radiator, a supply-pipe for elivering a heating medium thereto, a valve for regulatin the delivery of the heating medium, a fiui -pressure motor for actuating said valve, a pipe communicating with the fluid-pressure motor and with the radiator, an exhausting device communicating with said pipe, a valve 10 provided with piston 11, and the ports 14, 15 and 16, whereby a vent is provided for said pipe, and a thermostat adapted to be placed against different parts of the heating-surface and to be expanded by the heat from same and to thereby operate the valve 10.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ANDREW e. PAUL.

L Witnesses:

THOS. W. ANDREW, HERBERT A. RHOADES. 

